Which types of entities are known to issue fixed income securities?

Fixed income securities are investment instruments that provide returns in the form of fixed periodic payments and the eventual return of principal at maturity. These securities are typically issued by various types of entities to raise capital.

Governments issue fixed income securities, such as bonds, to finance public projects, manage national debt, and fund governmental operations. These securities are considered low-risk investments because they are backed by the government's authority to tax and generate revenue.

Corporations also issue fixed income securities, primarily in the form of corporate bonds. By issuing these bonds, corporations can acquire funds for expansion, operational costs, or other corporate purposes. The risk associated with corporate bonds can vary depending on the financial health and creditworthiness of the issuing corporation.

The correct answer reflects the reality that both governments and corporations actively participate in the fixed income securities market. Other entities, like non-profits, may be less common participants in issuing fixed income securities. Their primary focus is often on funding through donations and grants instead of traditional capital markets. This comprehensive understanding of who issues fixed income securities illustrates the broader market dynamics and the roles different entities play in financing.